A.P. CHEMISTRY SYLLABUS

 South Miami Sr. High

 

 

COURSE DESCRIPTION

 

This course is intended to act as an introductory course in General Chemistry in preparation for completion of the AP Chemistry Exam. The course covers the equivalent of 2 semesters of college / university Introductory Chemistry, and students who achieve a passing score on the exam may be eligible for credit in their college lecture or laboratory course, depending on individual college / university policies.

 

AP Chemistry is a rigorous, Algebra I based course, with an extensive laboratory component. It is intended for students who have exhibited a willingness to commit to intensive study. These students should have exhibited success in Science and Math through the completion of a 1st year introductory High School Chemistry course and a course in Algebra I, with a minimum of a “B” average. The class meets for five 60 minute periods per week, and will average a minimum of 2 hours of lab time each week.

 

The  topics included in AP Chemistry should include, but are not limited to classification and structure of matter, atomic theory, chemical bonding and nomenclature, periodic trends, reaction types and predicting reaction products, gas laws, properties of solids, liquids and solutions, chemical and physical equilibrium, acids and bases, kinetics, electrochemistry, and thermodynamics.

 

The sequential and interdependent nature of the topics covered results in the integration of these topics, and a progressive increase in the level of problem solving skills required as the year progresses. This means that the topics covered at the beginning of the course form the foundation required for the development and understanding of all that is to follow. A lack of understanding of the beginning topics will result in an inability to understand and apply the more complex integrated topics that arise later in the year. For that reason, students are encouraged to actively seek out help and assistance as soon as needed.

 

Laboratory work is required in order to supplement and broaden the understanding of the course concepts through hands on application of the course concepts. A laboratory component is included in the AP Exam, and recent trends indicate that this course component will become even more important in terms of success on the Exam. Students will be required to maintain accurate and complete records of their lab activities as this record may be required by the college / university as a requirement for granting the lab credit associated with the course lecture.

 

A reliable scientific calculator is required. It does not have to be a graphing calculator.


GRADING POLICY

 

Since the goal of this course is test performance, exams and quizzes will make up the majority of the grade for this course. Homework is assigned in order to provide the MINIMUM amount of practice needed to be successful on the exams and quizzes. Generally speaking experience as a student and teacher has taught me that the less you know or understand, the more homework and independent study you have to do in order to have the same degree of success. Students who have difficulty with the assignments are expected to take the initiative to do additional work and to actively seek out specific help in order to get the practice they need. Homework will be discussed in class before the exam, and will be collected on the day of the exam.

FAILURE TO COMPLETE THE HOMEWORK WILL RESULT IN A LACK OF UNDERSTANDING OF THE MATERIAL, WHICH WILL USUALLY RESULT IN A POOR EXAM GRADE.

 

Grades will be weighted, according to the following categories….

 

Assignments (classwork / homework, etc)        10%

Lab Reports                                                    25%

Assessments (Chapter Exams)                        40%

Projects                                                          15%

Reading                                                          10%

 

EVERY ATTEMPT WILL BE MADE TO CONFORM TO THE SCHOOL EXAM DAY SCHEDULE; HOWEVER THERE MAY BE TIMES WHEN THAT IS NOT POSSIBLE. IN THAT CASE THE CLASS AND THE SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION WILL BE CONSULTED BEFORE THE TEST DAY IS DETERMINED. I FIRMLY BELIEVE THAT OVERLOADING STUDENTS WITH TOO MANY EXAMS ON THE SAME DAY IS INCONSIDERATE AND UNPROFESSIONAL. I RESERVE THE SANCTITY OF MY ASSIGNED TEST DAY AND THE TEST DAYS OF OTHERS, BUT I HAVE NO CONTROL OVER THOSE TEACHERS WHO DO NOT EXHIBIT THE SAME CONCERN.

 

Keep in mind that my goal, as well as yours, is to provide you with every opportunity possible for success in this course. A concerted and consistent display of EFFORT AND PARTICIPATION goes a long way towards both your success, and my perception of your desire to succeed in this class.

 

The Following is a suggested syllabus for the year, however the actual labs performed and the sequence of the topics covered is subject to change

A.P. CHEMISTRY SYLLABUS

 

 

Text:

 

Chemistry: the Central Science

Brown, Lemay, and Bursten, Tenth Edition

 

Lab Manuals:

 

Laboratory Experiments for Chemistry: The Central Science

Brown, Lemay, and Bursten, Tenth Edition

 

Labs for A.P. Chemistry

Vonnegut / Flinn Scientific

 

Labs listed are subject to change depending on availability of materials.

 

Suggested Resources:

 

Cracking the AP Chemistry Exam – Princeton Review – Paul Foglino

Barron’s how to prepare for the AP Chemistry Exam- Neil Jespersen

Vernier Chemistry with Calculators – Holmquist and Volz

 

Web Sites:

 

 

Course Outline

 

Topic 1 Matter and Measurement- 2 weeks

          A. The study of chemistry

          B.  Classification of matter

          C.  Properties of matter

          D.  Units of measurement

          E.  Uncertainty in Measurement

          F.  Dimensional analysis

G.  Lab: Identification of Substances by Physical Properties (#2)

H.  Lab: Separation of the components of a mixture (#3)

          H.  Lab: Gravimetric Analysis (#9)


 

Topic 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Ions- 2 weeks

          A.  The atomic theory

          B.  The discovery of the atomic structure

          C.  The modern view of atomic structure

          D.  The periodic table

          E.  Molecules and molecular compounds

          F.  Ions and Ionic compounds

          G.  Naming inorganic compounds

          H.  Radioactivity

          I.    Nuclear equations

          J.  Half-life

          K.  Fission and fusion

          L.  Lab: Hydrated Crystals or Chemical Formulas (#5)

 

EXAM I

 

Topic 3 Electronic Configuration- 2 weeks

          A.  The wave nature of light

          B.  Quantized energy and photons

          C.  Line spectra

          D.  The wave behavior of matter

          E.  Quantum mechanics and atomic orbitals

          F.  Orbital representation

          G.  Electron configuration

          H.  Lab: Atomic Spectra and Atomic Structure (#12)

          I.   Lab Demo: Flame Tests

 

Topic 4 Stoichiometry- 2 weeks

          A.  Chemical equations

          B.  Patterns of chemical reactivity

          C.  Atomic and molecular weights

          D.  The mole

          E.  Empirical and molecular formulas

          F.  Quantitative information from balanced equations including limiting reagents

          G.  Lab: Beer’s Law: Colorimetric Determination of Iron (#33)

 

EXAM II

 

Topic 5 Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis- 2 weeks

          A.  General Properties of Aqueous solutions

          B.  Precipitation reactions, net ionic equations

          C.  Simple acid/base reactions

          D.  REDOX reactions

          E.  Concentration of solutions

          F.  Solution stoichiometry

          G.  Lab: Limiting Reagents or Chemical Reactions of Copper and % Yield (#6)


 

Topic 6 Gases – 2 weeks

          A.  Characteristic of gases

          B.  Pressure

          C.  The gas laws

          D.  Ideal gas equation

          E.  Gas mixtures and partial pressures

          F.  Kinetic molecular theory

          G.  Gas effusion

          H.  Deviation from ideal gases, real gases

          I.    Lab: Collection of Gas Over Water: Determining “R” (#14)

          J.   Lab: Molar Mass of an Unknown Vapor (#13)

 

EXAM III

 

Topic 7 Periodicity – 2 weeks

          A.  Development of the periodic table

          B.  Radius of atoms

          C.  Ionization energy

          D.  Electron affinity

          E.  Metals, nonmetals, metalloids

          F.  Group trends

          G.  Lab: Activity Series (#15)

 

Topic 8 Bonding – 2 weeks

          A.  Ionic bonding

          B.  Covalent bonding

          C.  Electronegativity

          D.  Lewis structures, resonance

          E.  VSEPR model

          F.  Hybridization

          G.  Intermolecular forces

          H.  Lab: Lewis Structures and VSEPR Theory (#11)

 

EXAM IV

 

Topic 9 Thermochemistry/Thermodynamics - 2 weeks

          A.  The nature of energy

          B.  First Law of thermodynamics

          C.  Heating curves, phase changes

          D.  Enthalpy of reaction

          E.  Calorimetry

          F.  Hess’s Law

          G.  Spontaneous processes

          H.  Entropy and the second law of thermodynamics

          I.    Entropy changes

          J.   Gibbs free energy

          K.   Lab: Hess’s Law: Heat of Formation of MgO  or Heat of Neutralization (#28)


 

Topic 10 Basics of Organic Chemistry – 1 week

          A.  Introduction to hydrocarbons

          B.  Alkanes, alkenes, alkynes

          C.  Isomers

          D.  Combustion reactions

          E.  Functional groups

          F.  Lab: Molecular Geometry with models (#40)

 

EXAM V

 

Topic 11 Equation Writing – 2 weeks

          A.  Net ionic reactions of all reaction types

          B.  Lab: reactions of ions in aqueous solutions (precipitation reactions)

          C. Qualitative analysis of Group I ions (#32)

 

Topic 12 Colligative Properties – 1 week

          A.  Factors affecting solubility

          B.  Vapor pressure, boiling point, freezing point, osmotic pressure

          C.  Deviation from Raout’s Law

          D.  Lab: Colligative Properties : FP Depression & Molar Mass (#19)

 

EXAM VI

 

Topic 13 Kinetics – 1 week

          A.  Rate Laws, collision theory

          B.  Rate and concentration

          C.  Rate and temperature

          D.  Reaction mechanisms

          E.  Catalysts, rate determining step

          F.  Lab: Rates of Reactions: Clock Reactions (#29)

 

Topic 14 Equilibrium – 3 weeks

          A.  The concept of equilibrium

          B.  The equilibrium constant

          C.  Calculating equilibrium constants, Kc, Kp

          D.  Le Chatalier’s principle

          E.  Ksp

          F.  Phase diagrams

          G.  Gibbs free energy relationship with equilibrium

          H.  Lab: Colorimetric Determination of Equilibrium Constant (#22)

          I.   Lab: Ksp of a Slightly Soluble Salt (#27)

 

Exam VII


 

Topic 15 Acids and Bases – 2 weeks

          A.  Bronsted, Arrhenius, and Lewis definitions

          B.  pH scale

          C.  Weak/strong acids/ bases

          D.  Ka and Kb expressions

          E.  Buffers

          F.  Titrations and indicators

          G.  Lab: Titration of Acids and Bases: Percent composition of KHP (#25,#26)

 

EXAM VIII

 

 

Topic 16 Electrochemistry - 2 weeks

          A.  Balancing REDOX reactions

          B.  REDOX titrations

          C.  Voltaic cells, EMF, Nernst equation

          D.  Spontaneity of REDOX reactions

          E.   Corrosion

          F.  Electrolysis

          G.  Lab: REDOX Titration: Percent H2O2  or  (#37)

          H.  Lab Demo: Galvanic Cells

 

EXAM IX

 

AP Exam Review – 2 weeks

 

AP EXAM   

 

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