APES                                                                                                                    CHAPTER  4

Ecosystems What are They and How Do They Work

 

Due Date: ______________________________

 

KEY TERMS

  1. abiotic
  2. biotic
  3. carnivore
  4. dissolved oxygen
  5. ecology
  6. ecosystem
  7. gross primary productivity (GPP)
  8. herbivore
  9. limiting factor
  10. net primary productivity (NPP)
  11. omnivore
  12. photosynthesis
  13. population
  14. range of tolerance
  15. trophic level

 

OBJECTIVES

 

  1. List the characteristics of life.

 

  1. Distinguish among lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and ecosphere.

 

  1. Briefly describe how the sun, gravity, and nutrient cycles sustain life on Earth.

 

  1. Give 2 examples of biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem.

 

  1. List three important physical factors and three important chemical factors that have large effects on ecosystems.

 

  1. Diagram a food chain; include the following: producers, consumers(primary, secondary, tertiary), decomposers, scavengers, detrivores

 

  1. Distinguish between a food chain and food web.

 

  1. Distinguish between photosynthesizers and chemosynthesizers; aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration.

 

  1. Compare the four types of biological diversity.

 

  1. Apply the second law of energy to food chains and pyramids of energy, which describe energy flow in ecosystems.

 

11.  Name and describe three types of biogeochemical cycles.

 

12.  Diagram a soil horizon; identify the following horizons: O, A, B, C.

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